1. German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) Research fellowship at the Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics (UniversitaetsklinikumWestfaelische Wilhelms-Universitaet) Muenster, Germany. In this fellowship, I utilized molecular biology techniques for the identification of food-borne microorganisms by utilization of the 16S rDNA sequencing and carried identification of proteins and small components in bacterial cells by Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (MALDI-TOF). As well as utilization of genomic sequences from bioinformatics sources (e.g., ExPASy (Expert Protein Analysis System), MASCOT (Peptide Mass Fingerprint) and databases of UniProt/Swiss-Prot and UniProt/TrEMBto predict cell proteins structure and properties. Furthermore, I applied scanning and transmission electron microscopy to study bacterial spores. June – December 2004.

2. International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) training fellowship at the Residues Laboratory, Veterinary Science Division, Stormont, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK. In this training fellowship, I got used to HPLC, electrophoresis and ELISA techniques in detecting veterinary drug residues in food of animal origin. January- April 2000