–         Teaching assistant at Faculty of Agric. Univ. of Khartoum, 1965-1972.

–         Associate professor at same University, 1972-1983.

–         Associate professor at same University, 1983-1988.

–         Full professor at same University, 1988.

–         Head Department of Botany and Agricultural Biotechnology at same University, 1981-1984.

–         Dean, Faculty of Agriculture, Univ. of Khartoum, 2000-2002.

–         Professor of Microbiology, University of Omar Mukhtar, Libya, 1994-1996.

Courses taught (Mostly designed and introduced for the first time):

–         Introduction to microbiology, food microbiology, industrial microbiology, microbial physiology, microbial metabolism, nutrition and food hygiene (M.Sc. Human Nutrition), traditional foods of the Sudan, introduction to biotechnology, biotechnology and society, food plant sanitation, Dairy microbiology, microbiology and preservation (M.Sc. Biochemistry & Food Science).