I. B.Sc. (Agric.) Hons. (Class II, Division I), University of Khartoum, 1970.

II. M.Sc. (Soil Microbiology), University of Khartoum, 1976.

III. Ph.D. (Soil Microbiology and Biochemistry + Environmental Pollution ), Iowa State University of Science and Technology, USA, 1980.

Academic Status

I. Professor: Dept. of Soil and Environment Sciences , Faculty of Agric. , University of Khartoum , Sudan .

4. International Scientific Recognitions, Citations and Awards: