–      Ph. D. degree in history, department of history, institute of social studies, university of Istanbul 2006. Istanbul- Turkey.

–         M.A. Degree in history, department of history, institute of social studies, university of Istanbul 2002. Istanbul- Turkey.

Diploma in Turkish lang., Turkish language Center University of Ankara- Turkey. 1999.

–         B.A. (Honors) degree in history, department of history, Faculty of education, university of Khartoum 1988. Khartoum- Sudan