Publications, Presentations and Posters

  1. Al Dawi AF, Mustafa MI, Fahal AH, EL Hassan AM, Bakhiet SM, Mahgoub ES, Mergani A, Mukhtar MM. The Association of HLA-DRB1 & HLA-DQB1 and the occurrence of Eumycetoma. Khartoum Med J. 2013; 6(3): 923 – 929
  1. Bakhiet SM, Fahal AH, Musa AM, Mohamed ELSW, Omer RF, Ahmed ES, El Nour M, Mustafa ERM, Sheikh A Rahman ME, Suliman SH, El Mamoun MAG, El Amin HM. A holistic approach to the mycetoma management. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2018; 12(5):e0006391. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006391
  1. Bakhiet SM, Emmanuel Edwar Siddig, Omnia Babekir Abdallah, EL Samani Wadaa Mohamed, Ahmed Hassan Fahal. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology Utility in the Identification of Mycetoma Causative Agents: The Mycetoma Research Center Experience. Khartoum Med J. 2018: 11(0): 1499 – 1506. 
  1. Bakhiet SM, Samani Wadaa Mohamed, Najwa A Mhmoud, Emmanuel Edwar Siddig, El, Dania Mohammed Ibrahim, Eiman Siddig Ahmed, Ahmed Hassan Fahal. Madurella mycetomatis causing Multiple mycetoma lesions: A rare presentation. Khartoum Med J. 2018: 11(0): 1499 – 1506. 
  1. Suleiman Hussein Suleiman, Abubaker Ahmed Yosif, Bakhiet SM, Ahmed Hassan Fahal. Massive progressive scroto-perineal eumycetoma and its therapeutic challenges. Khartoum Med J. 2019; 12(2): 1622 – 1627
  1. Mhmoud NA, Santona A, Fiamma M, Siddig EE, Deligios M, Bakhiet SM, et al. Chaetomium atrobrunneum causing human eumycetoma: The first report. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2019; 13(5): e0007276. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007276
  1. Siddig EE, Mohammed Edris AM, Bakhiet SM, van de Sande WWJ, Fahal AH. Interleukin-17 and matrix metalloprotease-9 expression in the mycetoma granuloma. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2019; 13(7): e0007351. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007351

  2. Siddig EE, Mhmoud NA, Bakhiet SM, Abdallah OB, Mekki SO, El Dawi NI, Van de Sande W, Fahal AH. The Accuracy of Histopathological and Cytopathological Techniques in the Identification of the Mycetoma Causative Agents. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2019 Aug 29;13(8): e0007056. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007056. [Epub ahead of print]
  1. Hussein HS, Bakhiet SM, Fahal AH. The late presentation of mycetoma patients: the challenges. Khartoum Med J. 2018; 13(01): 1681 – 1687.
  1. Ali RS, Newport MJ, Bakhiet SM, Ibrahim ME, Fahal AH. Host genetic susceptibility to mycetoma. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2020; 14(4): e0008053. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008053.
  1. Siddig EE, Ahmed A, Ali Y, Bakhiet SM, Mohamed NS, Ahmed ES, Fahal AH. Eumycetoma Medical Treatment: Past, Current Practice, Latest Advances and Perspectives. Res. 2021, 12, 899–906. https://doi.org/10.3390/microbiolres12040066
  1. Hassan R, Simpson H, Cano J, Bakhiet SM, Ganawa E, Argaw D, Newport MJ, Deribe K, Fahal AH. Modelling the spatial distribution of mycetoma in Sudan. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2021 Oct 1;115(10):1144-1152.
  1. Azrag RS, Bakhiet SM, Mhmoud NA, Almalik AM, Mohamed AH, Fahal AH. A possible role for ticks in the transmission of Madurella mycetomatis in a mycetoma-endemic village in Sudan. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2021 Apr 14;115(4):364-374.
  1. Yosif AA, Bakhiet SM, Abdalla TH, Mhmoud NA, Siddig EE, Fahal AH. Invasive, aggressive mastoid bone eumycetoma: a treatment challenge. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2021 Apr 14;115(4):431-435.
  1. Ganawa ETS, Bushara MA, Musa AEA, Bakhiet SM, Fahal AH. Mycetoma spatial geographical distribution in the Eastern Sennar locality, Sennar State, Sudan. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2021 Apr 14;115(4):375-382.
  1. Mohamed ESW, Bakhiet SM, El Nour M, Suliman SH, El Amin HM, Fahal AH. Surgery in mycetoma-endemic villages: unique experience. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2021 Apr 14;115(4):320-323.
  1. Omer RF, Ahmed ES, Ali BM, Alhaj HE, Bakhiet SM, Mohamed ESW, Strub-Wourgaft N, Fahal AH. The challenges of recruitment in clinical trials in developing countries: the Mycetoma Research Centre experience. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2021 Apr 14;115(4):397-405.
  1. Santona A, Mhmoud NA, Siddig EE, Deligios M, Fiamma M, Bakhiet SM, Barac A, Paglietti B, Rubino S, Fahal AH. Metagenomics of black grains: new highlights in the understanding of eumycetoma. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2021 Apr 14;115(4):307-314.
  1. Zaid DM, Bakheet OE, Ahmed ES, Abdalati F, Mhmoud NA, Mohamed ESW, Bakhiet SM, Siddig EE, Fahal AH. Multiple extensive Madurella mycetomatis eumycetoma lesions: a case report and review of the literature. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2021 Apr 14;115(4):411-414.
  1. Siddig EE, Nyuykonge B, Ahmed MT, Hassan R, Saad ESA, Mhmoud NA, Bakhiet SM, van de Sande WWJ, Fahal AH. Human actinomycetoma caused by Actinomadura mexicana in Sudan: the first report. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2021 Apr 14;115(4):406-410.
  1. Siddig EE, Verbon A, Bakhiet SM, Fahal AH, van de Sande WWJ. The developed molecular biological identification tools for mycetoma causative agents: An update. Acta Trop. 2022 Jan; 225:106205. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.106205. Epub 2021 Oct 21. PMID: 34687643
  1. Fahal LA, Ahmed ES, Bakhiet SM, Siddig EE, Fahal AH. The Mycetoma Research Centre experience during the COVID-19 pandemic: obstacles and beyond. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2022 Jan 19;116(1):1-3. doi: 10.1093/trstmh/trab111. PMID: 34313305
  1. Fahal AH, Otieno LA, Ahmed ES, Kashif T, Khalid M, Mahmoud AH, Ododo L, Kyalo T, Bakhiet SM. Visual ethnographic documentation: a novel tool for mycetoma awareness and advocacy. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2022 May 30:trac048. doi: 10.1093/trstmh/trac048. Online ahead of print.PMID: 35640654
  1. Siddig EE, El Had Bakhait O, El Nour Hussein Bahar M, Siddig Ahmed E, Bakhiet SM, Motasim Ali M, Babekir Abdallah O, Ahmed Hassan R, Verbon A, van de Sande WWJ, Fahal AH. Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology significantly improved mycetoma diagnosis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2022 Jun 24. doi: 10.1111/jdv.18363. Online ahead of print. PMID: 35748131
  1. Musa EA, Abdoon IH, Bakhiet SM, Osman B, Abdalla SA, Fahal AH. Mycetoma management and clinical outcomes: the Mycetoma Research Center experience. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2022 Jul 28:trac069. doi: 10.1093/trstmh/trac069. Online ahead of print. PMID: 35903002
  1. Watson AK, Kepplinger B, Bakhiet SM, Mhmoud NA, Chapman J, Allenby NE, Mickiewicz K, Goodfellow M, Fahal AH, Errington J. Systematic whole-genome sequencing reveals an unexpected diversity among actinomycetoma pathogens and provides insights into their antibacterial susceptibilities PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2022 Jul 25;16(7):e0010128. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010128. Online ahead of print. PMID: 35877680
  1. Hassan R, Deribe K, Fahal AH, Newport M, Bakhiet SM. Clinical epidemiological characteristics of mycetoma in Eastern Sennar locality, Sennar State, Sudan. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2021 Dec 13;15(12):e0009847. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009847. eCollection 2021 Dec. PMID: 34898611
  1. Nyuykonge B, Siddig EE, Konings M, Bakhiet SM, Verbon A, Klaassen CHW, Fahal AH, van de Sande WWJ. Madurella mycetomatis grains within a eumycetoma lesion are clonal. Med Mycol. 2022 Jul 29;60(7):myac051. doi: 10.1093/mmy/myac051. PMID: 35833294
  1. Hassan R, Deribe K, Simpson H, Bremner S, Elhadi O, Alnour M, Fahal AH, Newport M, Bakhiet SM. Individual Risk Factors of Mycetoma Occurrence in Eastern Sennar Locality, Sennar State, Sudan: A Case-Control Study Trop Med Infect Dis. 2022 Aug 10;7(8):174. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed7080174. PMID: 36006266
  1. Nyuykonge B, Siddig EE, Mhmoud NA, Nyaoke BA, Zijlstra EE, Verbon A, Bakhiet SM, Fahal AH, van de Sande WWJ. Epidemiological cut-off values for itraconazole and ravuconazole for Madurella mycetomatis, the most common causative agent of mycetoma. Mycoses. 2022 Jul 30. doi: 10.1111/myc.13509. Online ahead of print. PMID: 36005544
  1. Natalia Hounsome, Rowa Hassan, Bakhiet SM, Kebede Deribe, Stephen Bremner, Ahmed Hassan Fahal, Melanie J Newport. The socio-economic determinants for mycetoma occurrence at Eastern Sennar, Locality, Sennar State, Sudan. PLoS Negl Trop Dis.
  1. Santona A, Mhmoud NA, Siddig EE, Deligios M, Fiamma M, Paglietti B, Bakhiet SM, Rubino S, Fahal AH. Metagenomic detection of eumycetoma causative agents from households of patients residing in two Sudanese endemic villages in White Nile State. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2022 Aug 30;16(8):e0010385. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010385. PMID: 36040926; PMCID: PMC9467367..
  1. Hassan R, Cano J, Fronterre C, Bakhiet SM, Fahal A, Deribe K, Newport M. Estimating the burden of mycetoma in Sudan for the period 1991–2018 using a model-based geostatistical approach. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022, 16(10): e0010795. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010795
  1. Litvintseva AP, Bakhiet S, Gade L, Wagner DD, Bagal UR, Batra D, Norris E, Rishishwar L, Beer KD, Siddig EE, Mhmoud NA, Chow NA, Fahal A. Genomics and metagenomics of Madurella mycetomatis, a causative agent of black grain mycetoma in Sudan. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2022 Nov 2;16(11):e0010787. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010787. PMID: 36322569; PMCID: PMC9629555.
  1. Hounsome N, Hassan R, Bakhiet SM, Deribe K, Bremner S, Fahal AH, Newport M. Role of socioeconomic factors in developing mycetoma: Results from a household survey in Sennar State, Sudan. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022, 16(10): e0010817. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010817
  1. Nyuykonge B, Siddig E, Mhmoud NA, Bakhiet SM , Zijlstra E, Verbon A, Fahal AH, van de Sande  The Wako β-D-glucan assay can be used to measure serum β-D-glucan in Sudanese patients to aid withdiagnosis of Eumycetoma caused by Madurella mycetomatis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. . 2022 Oct 6. doi: 10.1111/jdv.18642. Online ahead of print
  1. Fongwen N, Asiedu KB, Bakhiet SM, Bonifaz A, Cruz I, Argaw D, Estrada-Chavez G, Fahal AH, Litvintseva A, Marks M, Salinas-Carmona MC, Sow D, van de Sande WWJ. Diagnostics to support mycetoma management-Development of two target product profiles. Trop Med Int Health. 2022 Dec;27(12):1059-1064. doi: 10.1111/tmi.13828. Epub 2022 Nov 14. PMID: 36329624.
  1. Siddig EE, Nyuykonge B, Bakheit OEH, Hassan OB, Ahmed ES, Osman AA, Bakhiet SM, van de Sande WW, Fahal AH. Staphylococcus aureus causing primary foot botryomycosis mimicking actinomycetoma: a case report from Sudan. Int J Infect Dis. 2022 Nov;124:224-226. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.10.010. Epub 2022 Oct 12. PMID: 36241164.
  1. Ahmed KO, Osman IA, Abdalnabi AM, Elkhawad A, Bakhiet SM, Fahal AH. Are Pharmacists neglecting the neglected mycetoma in the most endemic area in Sudan: An Opportunity for improvement. Khartoum Med J 2022; 15(3), 2000 – 2008
  1. Fahal AH, Ahmed KO, Saeed AA, Elkhawad A, Bakhiet SM. Why the mycetoma patients are still neglected. Accepted at PLOS neglected tropical disease.
  1. Eltigani HF, Elsheikh SM, Siddig E, Siddig E, Ahmed KO, Bakhiet SM, Fahal AH. Mycetoma National Campaign Report. Khartoum Med J. 2022; 15(3),
  1. Elamin EM, Mukhtar MM, Bakhiet SM, Musa AM, El Hassan LAM, Abdullah N E, Kadaru AMY, El Hassan AM. Case report: An unusual case of mucosal leishmaniasis with cutaneous dissemination in Sudan and its epidemiological significance. Sudan J  2005; 3(2): 88-91.
  1. Ronet C, Bakhiet SM, Pavlin C, Akira S, Launois P. S188 Leishmania major induces secretion of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines by keratinocytes via a TLR2 pathway. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents. 2007.
  1. Mukhtar MM, Elamin WM, Bakhiet SB, Kheir MM, Al ABi.First report on Leishmania major/HIV coinfection in a Sudanese patient. East Mediterr Health J. 2010;16(6):702-3.
  1. Mukhtar M; Aboud Mona, Kheir M, Bakhiet SM, Abdullah N, Ali A, Elamin W, Elagib A. First report on Ambisome associated allergic reaction in two Sudanese Leishmaniasis patients. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2011 Oct;85(4):644-5. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0511.
  1. Babiker A, Ravagnan S, Salviato A, Drago A, Natale A, Hassan MM, Bakhiet SM, Osman M, Capelli G, Mukhtar MM. Genetic diversity of Lieshmania from Sudan and possible correlation with clinical signs: preliminary results. Giornale itlaiano Di Medicina Tropicale. 2011. 16(3-4): 68-76.
  1. Noor AM, Elmardi KA, Abdelgader TM, Patil AP, Amine AA, Bakhiet SM, Mukhtar MM, Snow RW. Malaria Risk Mapping for Control in the Republic of Sudan. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2012 Oct Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2012 Dec;87(6):1012-1021. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.12-0390.
  1. Yousif M, Mudawi H, Bakhiet SM, Glebe D, Kramvis A. Molecular characterization of hepatitis B virus in liver disease patients and asymptomatic carriers of the virus in Sudan. BMC Infect Dis. 2013; 13(1):328. DOI:10.1186/1471-2334-13-328
  1. Babiker AM, Ravagnan S, Fusaro A, Hassan MM, Bakheit SM, Mukhtar MM, Cattoli G, Capelli G. Concomitant Infection with Leishmania donovani and L. major in Single Ulcers of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Patients from Sudan.. J Trop Med. 2014; 2014:170859. doi: 10.1155/2014/170859. Epub 2014 Mar 12.
  1. Al Dawi AF, Mustafa MI, Fahal AH, EL Hassan AM, Bakhiet SM, Magoub, Adil Mergani Hatim A. Mostafa, Mukhtar MM. The association of HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 alleles and the occurrence of eumycetoma in Sudanese patients. Khartoum Med J. 2013; 6(3): 923-929.
  1. Babiker DT, Bakhiet SM, Mukhtar MM. (2015).L.donovani influenced cytokines and TLRs expression among Sudanese visceral leishmaniasis patients. Parasite Immunol. 2015 May 15. doi: 10.1111/pim.12202.
  1. Hassan Z A, . Ishaga, Mohamed Mukhtar MM, Bakhiet SM. Molecular detection of bovine tuberculosis in El Rank area, North Upper Nile State, Sudan. Science letter. 2015; 3(1):23-26
  1. Mohamed OWA, Bakhiet SM, Gerges HKF,  Kordofani AAK. Serum zinc levels in Sudanese patients with acute lymphocytic leukaemia. Int J Clin Biomed Res. 2017; 3(1): 18-20
  1. Hamadalnil YM, Bakheit SM. Hepatitis B virus surface gene mutations and their clinical implications. SJMS. 2017; 12(2); 101-113.
  1. Ali SKM, Eldaim IN, Osman SH, Bakhiet SM.Clinical and echocardiographic features of children with rheumatic heart disease and their serum cytokine profile. Pan Afr Med J. 2012; 13(36):36. DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2012.13.36.1487
  1. Bedri AAAE, Bakhiet SM, Elkareem MOA. The Role of Interleukin-10 Promoter Polymorphism Rs1800872 (-592 C>A) In Sudanese Hepatitis B Infected Patients. European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2018; 5(1): 1. 01-05
  1. Bakhiet, SM, Ahmed. A, , Mahmood, N, Mohamed, L. Y, Siddig, E. E, Musa, A. M, Khidir, E. B, Fahal, A. H.. Metagenomic analysis of Environmental samples from Mycetoma endemic area in Sudan. Medical Mycology, Volume 56, Issue suppl_2, June 2018
  1. Elmagzoub WA, Idris SM, Isameldin M, Arabi N, Abdo A, Ibrahim M, Khan MAA, Tanneberger F, Bakhiet SM, Okuni JB, Ojok L, Gameel AA, Abd El Wahed A, Bekaert M, Mukhtar ME, Amanzada A, Eltom KH, Eltayeb E. Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and microbiome profile of patients in a referral gastrointestinal diseases centre in the Sudan. PLoS One. 2022 Apr 5;17(4):e0266533.
  1. Mohamed Dafaalla M, Omer M, Abdullah E, Bakhiet SM, Ibrahim M. Homology-based prediction of resistance to antituberculous medications using machine learning algorithms CURRENT STATUS: POSTED SUBJECT AREAS Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Infectious Diseases. Research note. DOI: 10.21203/rs.2.18791/v1
  1. Babekir Musa MB , Abdalsamad I, Mhmoud NA, Allzain H, Bakhiet SM. Toll Like Receptor-4 Gene Aspartate 299 Glycinepolymorphism In Sudanese Patients With Mycetoma. International Journal of Research – GRANTHAALAYAHISSN. 2021;  9(2): 187 – 192 DOI: https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v9.i2.2021.3492