–        1992: Ph. D. in international Relations and Foreign Affairs, University of Kiev, Ukraine, former USSR.

–         1980: M. Sc. in international Relations, University of Kiev, Ukraine, former USSR.

Work Experience:

–         1997 –    : Assistant Professor, University of Khartoum,

Faculty of Economic & Social Studies, Department

of Political Science.

–         1983-1997: Public Service Officer.