September1974 M.Sc. Botany University of Khartoum.
April 1982 Ph.D. University of Khartoum.
January – November 1978 study course (part of the Ph . D.) at North Western University, Department of Biology .Illinois. U.S.A. Gas chromatography of cell wall components .
March – December 1987 . Post Doctorate studies in the department of Biology , Berkbeck Collage ( University of London ) and at the Jodrell Laboratory ( Royal Botanic Gardens ) to study the relations between the parasitic plant Loranthus acacia and its host plants , including intensive training in the scanning electron microscope .
August – December 1994 . Joined research during the Sabbatical leave
at the Department of Biology ,Birkbeck Collage , (University ofLondon) studying The
variations of seed coats and micropyle ofdifferent varieties of Vicia faba ( Broad
Bean) of the Sudan , using thescanning electron microscope .
