1. Inflammatory markers in severe malaria.

2. Immunological profiles in mixed infections, malaria with Leishmaniasis and malaria with schistosomiasis, a collaborative project.

3. Inflammatory marker profiles in homozygous sickle cell anaemia, a continuation.

4. Oesophageal cancer in East Africa in collaboration with Professor M I Parker from the department of Biochemistry, University of Cape Town Medical School.

5. Combination therapies in malaria treatment. So far three articles and a book chapter have been published.

6. Effect of aspirin on clinical pattern of severe sickle cell anaemia.

7. origin of the genetic mutation of sickle cell disease in the sudan (two articles published).