1982-1987: Ph.D. University of Florida, Gainesville U.S.A.

Ph.D. Thesis “The control of growth regulators and temperature on seedstalk development and seed yield and seed quality in carrots (Daucus carota. L)”

1980-1982: M.Sc. University of Khartoum, Sudan

M.Sc. Thesis “Studies on the floral biology of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus. Moench)”

1975-1979: B.Sc. (Honors) Class One, Major subject: Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Sudan